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🛒 تسوق الآنLibya's Three Presidencies Challenge the UN Track: A Struggle Over Who Writes the Rules
Libya's three rival governing bodies agree on a historic roadmap as internal divisions threaten to derail the UN-led political process
In a significant development that could reshape Libya's political landscape, the heads of the country's three main political bodies have agreed on a historic roadmap aimed at ending years of institutional division. The agreement, reached this week, brings together the Presidency Council, the House of Representatives, and the High State Council in what analysts describe as a rare moment of consensus. However, deep divisions over who controls the process — and who writes the rules — continue to threaten progress.
The Three Presidencies and Their Competing Visions
Libya's political crisis has long been defined by competing centers of power. The Presidency Council, led by Mohamed al-Menfi, operates as the internationally recognized executive authority. The House of Representatives, based in Tobruk under Speaker Aguila Saleh, claims legislative supremacy. Meanwhile, the High State Council, headed by Khalid al-Mishri, serves as an advisory body with significant political influence. Each of these three bodies has distinct backers, regional alliances, and visions for Libya's future.
According to reports from The Libya Observer, the growing discussion surrounding Article 64 of the Libyan Political Agreement has become a focal point of contention. This article outlines the mechanisms for constitutional amendments and political transition — essentially determining who holds the pen when writing Libya's future. The struggle over this provision reflects a deeper conflict: whether Libya's political future will be shaped through international mediation or domestic consensus.
Key Facts: What We Know So Far
- The three Libyan councils — Parliament, State Council, and Presidency — agreed on a roadmap after days of negotiations this week
- Article 64 of the Libyan Political Agreement has emerged as the most contentious point, governing constitutional amendment procedures
- Political machines of presidential candidates including Mahmoud Jibril, Aref Nayed, and Ali Zeidan have been actively positioning themselves for influence
- The UN Support Mission in Libya continues to facilitate dialogue but faces growing skepticism from domestic actors
- Multiple international stakeholders, including regional powers, are backing different factions within the three presidencies
Aref Nayed and the Politics of Influence
Aref Nayed, a prominent Libyan political figure and former ambassador to the United Arab Emirates, has been one of the most vocal critics of the current UN track. Nayed has argued that the international community's approach has failed to account for Libya's complex tribal and regional dynamics. His political machine, along with those of other presidential candidates, has been actively accumulating both wealth and political capital in anticipation of a new political arrangement.
"The challenge is not simply about elections or institutions — it is about who has the legitimacy to define the rules of the game," Nayed stated in a recent commentary. His position reflects a growing sentiment among Libyan political actors that the UN-led process, while well-intentioned, has become a framework that serves international interests more than Libyan sovereignty.
The UN Track Under Scrutiny
The United Nations has spent years attempting to broker a political agreement that would unify Libya's institutions and lead to national elections. However, the three presidencies challenge the UN track on fundamental grounds. Critics argue that the international framework has created a parallel governance structure that lacks democratic legitimacy and accountability to Libyan citizens.
The Libya Observer reports that the latest agreement between the three councils represents both an opportunity and a risk. While it demonstrates that Libyan actors can negotiate directly, it also raises questions about whether the UN's role will be diminished or redefined. The outcome of this struggle will determine whether Libya moves toward genuine sovereignty or remains trapped in internationally managed transition cycles.
Why This Matters for Libya's Future
For ordinary Libyans, the political maneuvering among the three presidencies is not an abstract constitutional debate. It directly affects security, economic stability, and basic services. Every month of political uncertainty delays infrastructure projects, undermines investor confidence, and perpetuates the fragmentation of national institutions including the central bank and oil facilities.
The challenge posed by the three presidencies to the UN track represents a pivotal moment. If Libyan political actors can forge a genuine domestic consensus, it could mark the beginning of true self-determination. If the process collapses under competing ambitions, the country risks deeper fragmentation and prolonged instability.
What Comes Next
The coming weeks will be critical. The three councils must translate their roadmap into concrete constitutional and electoral legislation. International partners, including the UN, will need to decide whether to support the domestic track or attempt to reassert their mediating role. For Libya's 7 million citizens, the hope remains that this latest agreement will finally break the cycle of transition and deliver the stable, unified governance the country desperately needs.
— LibyaPress / Politics Desk
