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🛒 تسوق الآنUS Unveils New Roadmap to Unify Libya's Divided Institutions
US Unveils New Roadmap to Unify Libya's Divided Institutions
The United States has launched its most ambitious diplomatic push in years to end Libya's decade-long institutional divide. Massad Boulos, senior adviser to President Donald Trump for Arab and African affairs, revealed a comprehensive plan to unify the country's rival administrations under a single authority — backed by major American oil investments that could transform Libya's economy.
The announcement comes as Libya approaches 15 years of political fragmentation, with competing governments in Tripoli and Tobruk, divided security forces, and repeated failed attempts by the United Nations to organize national elections. This time, Washington is pairing political mediation with a clear economic incentive: unlocking Libya's vast oil wealth.
Power-Sharing Meets Oil Investment
At the heart of the American plan is a transitional power-sharing arrangement. According to the Financial Times, Boulos outlined a structure placing Saddam Haftar — son of eastern military commander Khalifa Haftar — at the head of a new presidential executive council. Meanwhile, Abdul Hamid Dbeibah, head of the Tripoli-based Government of National Unity, would retain his position, with a Dbeibah relative taking a national security role.
The oil dimension is equally significant. Boulos confirmed that Chevron and ConocoPhillips have signed agreements with Libyan authorities in 2026. He projected that Libyan oil production could double to 3 million barrels per day within four years. Libya holds Africa's largest proven crude oil reserves at approximately 48 billion barrels, yet current output of around 1.5 million barrels per day remains well below its pre-2011 peak.
Key Facts
- Two rival governments: Tripoli (west) and Tobruk (east) have operated independently since 2014
- Unified budget: East and west signed a joint national budget in April 2026 for the first time in over a decade
- Military cooperation: Both sides participated in US-led Flintlock military exercises in April 2026
- Development deal: November 2025 agreement on development funding for both east and west broke a long-standing deadlock
Deep Skepticism from Experts
Tim Eaton, senior researcher at Chatham House in London, warned that the Haftar family has never signaled willingness to share power. "The fear in the Dbeibah camp is that any deal with the Haftars will be exploited as a platform to absorb the rest of the government," Eaton said. "There is a trust deficit that will be extremely difficult to overcome."
Claudia Gazzini, senior analyst at the International Crisis Group, was more blunt. "These are just wishes. There is no public discourse in Benghazi about reconciliation with the other side. Everything rests on treating Tripoli as the enemy."
Libyans Tired of Broken Promises
Nasser Abu Deb, secretary-general of the Libya Umma Party, questioned the timing and motives behind the proposals. "Who benefits? Who will implement it? What guarantees exist?" He acknowledged that Libya operates under a de facto power-sharing arrangement that has left the UN unable to impose a comprehensive solution, as local power brokers control both money and weapons.
Just last week, nine Libyan municipalities announced the creation of a "Central Region" to promote administrative decentralization. But critics fear the move, enacted outside any central government framework, could establish regional entities that further fragment the country.
What Happens Next
No official Libyan response has been issued yet. Italy, Libya's largest trading partner, has been consulted and expressed support, though Roman diplomats acknowledge enormous implementation challenges. The coming weeks will reveal whether Tripoli and Tobruk are willing to engage — or whether this initiative joins the long list of failed international efforts.
What remains clear is that Libya's 15-year crisis demands solutions addressing its root causes: fair distribution of oil wealth, armed factions' monopoly on violence, and the absence of constitutional frameworks. Without tackling these structural issues, any plan faces an uphill battle.
— LibyaPress / Politics Desk
